PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard) is the security standard for organisations that store, process or transmit payment card data. It sets controls to protect cardholder information from theft and misuse.
Encryption at rest and in transit means protecting data with encryption both while it is stored and while it moves across networks. Stolen or intercepted data then stays unreadable without the keys.
ISO 27001 is an international standard for building and running an information security management system (ISMS). Organisations can be formally certified against it by accredited bodies.
Penetration testing is an authorised, simulated attack on a system to find exploitable weaknesses before real attackers do. Testers work within an agreed scope and report what they reached and how to fix it.
SOC 2 is an independent audit report on how a service organisation controls security and related risks, based on the AICPA Trust Services Criteria. Business customers often request it from software vendors.
A vulnerability assessment is a systematic review that identifies, ranks and reports known security weaknesses across systems. It usually combines automated scanning with analyst review and prioritisation.
The GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) is the EU law governing how organisations collect, use, store and share personal data about people in the EU. It sets duties for businesses and gives individuals enforceable rights.
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