Encryption at rest and in transit means protecting data with encryption both while it is stored and while it moves across networks. Stolen or intercepted data then stays unreadable without the keys.
Data privacy is the set of practices and controls governing how personal data is collected, used, shared, stored and deleted. It follows the law and what people were told.
Key management is the set of practices and systems for creating, storing, using, rotating and retiring cryptographic keys. It keeps encrypted data and digital signatures trustworthy.
Post-quantum cryptography is the family of encryption and signature algorithms designed to resist attacks by future quantum computers. The algorithms run on today's ordinary hardware.
Public key infrastructure (PKI) is the system of certificate authorities, certificates and policies that binds public keys to identities. It lets parties trust encrypted connections and digital signatures.
TLS (Transport Layer Security) is the protocol that encrypts and authenticates data travelling between two systems. Typical pairs are a browser and a web server, or two internal services.
Data anonymization is transforming data so that individuals cannot reasonably be identified from it, even when it is combined with other available information. Teams use it to share health or customer records with researchers, or to build realistic test datasets, without exposing personal details.
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