A zkEVM is a virtual machine that runs Ethereum-compatible smart contracts and produces zero-knowledge proofs that the execution was correct. It powers ZK rollups that support existing Ethereum tools.
A Layer 1 blockchain secures and settles transactions itself, while a Layer 2 processes them off the main chain and posts the results back to it. Layer 2s exist mainly to lower fees and raise throughput while borrowing the base chain's security.
A smart contract is a program deployed on a blockchain that runs exactly as written whenever it is called. It can hold and move digital assets according to its own rules, without an intermediary.
A Layer 2 is a network built on top of a base blockchain that processes transactions away from the main chain and settles the results back to it. The aim is lower fees and higher throughput.
A rollup is a Layer 2 network that executes transactions off the main chain and posts them in compressed batches to it. Fraud proofs (optimistic) or validity proofs (ZK) keep the results honest.
A zero-knowledge proof is a cryptographic method for proving a statement is true without revealing the data behind it. For example, it can show someone is an adult without exposing their date of birth.
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