Containerization packages an application with its libraries, runtime and configuration into a lightweight, isolated unit called a container. It then runs the same way on any machine that supports containers.
Docker is a widely used platform for building, sharing and running applications in containers. Each container packages an application with everything it needs so it behaves the same on any host.
Docker builds and runs individual containers, while Kubernetes schedules and manages many containers across a cluster of machines. They are complementary: teams usually package applications with Docker tooling and run them in production on Kubernetes.
Kubernetes is an open-source platform for running containerised applications across a cluster of machines. It schedules containers, restarts failed ones, scales them with demand and routes traffic between them.
Serverless computing is a cloud model where the provider runs code or services on demand and manages the servers behind them. Teams pay for actual usage rather than for idle capacity.
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