A single-page application (SPA) is a web app that loads one HTML page and then updates the view in the browser with JavaScript as users navigate. New data comes from APIs instead of full page reloads.
An API (application programming interface) is a defined contract that lets one piece of software request data or actions from another. It hides internal details behind agreed operations, inputs and responses.
A frontend developer builds the parts of a website or web app that people see and use in the browser, turning designs into fast, accessible interfaces. Teams usually bring one in when the interface is how customers judge the product.
A frontend framework is a library or toolkit for building the parts of an application users see and interact with. It gives structure to components, state, routing and rendering, so teams do not hand-roll them.
GraphQL is a query language and runtime for APIs that lets clients ask for exactly the fields they need from a typed schema. Requests usually go through a single endpoint instead of several fixed URLs.
A progressive web app (PWA) is a website that uses modern browser features to behave like an installed app. It can sit on a home screen, work on poor connections and send notifications.
A React developer builds user interfaces with React, the JavaScript library for composing interactive components. Their work covers web apps and sometimes React Native mobile apps, and teams bring one in when an interface is complex and must stay fast.
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